Page 80 - 40th Summit Brochure 2020

T e SADC Secretariat is currently imple- tiplication rate and af ects pigs and small
menting the EDF 11 project supporting im- stock in addition to cattle. T is is a potential
plementation of RAP that, among others, threat to livestock in the region, particularly
aims to build capacity of Member States in to small stock which are mainly owned by
surveillance, early detection and identif cation women and poor households. T e introduc-
of the six priority pests and diseases, namely tion of Serotypes O and A is likely to af ect
Fall Armyworm, Tuta Absoluta, Banana the progress that Member States have made
Bunchy Top Virus, Fusarium Oxysporum in controlling and managing FMD, and
TR4, Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease, and could pose a threat to areas zoned as free
Mediterranean Fruitf y (Bartrocera spp). A from FMD. T e zoning of areas was based
number of regional capacity-building exer- on the risk associated with transmission of
cises were conducted with Member States, in- FMD from buf aloes.
cluding training at the Eduardo Mondlane A Livestock Technical Committee meet-
University in Maputo, Mozambique on Ba- ing held in South Africa in June 2019 urged
nana Bunchy Top Virus disease that focused Member States af ected by the introduction of
on identif cation and management of the dis- new serotypes to reduce risk of further infec-
ease and training on Fall Armyworm con- tions and limit potential spread of these
ducted by the Agricultural Research Council viruses into the region through targeted and
in Pretoria, South Africa. mass vaccinations. At risk countries were
A technical meeting of plant health ex- urged to increase surveillance and engage in
perts held in Johannesburg, South Africa in cross-border collaborations with af ected
November 2019 provided an update on the Member States. T e SADC Secretariat, in col-
status of pests and diseases in the region as laboration with FAO and the World Organi-
shown in the Table. zation for Animal Health have been assisting
Member States to implement the SADC Foot
Transboundary Animal Pests and and Mouth Disease Progressive Control Path-
Diseases way through capacity building to improve
SADC Member States have made signif cant early detection and response, purchase of vac-
progress in the control and management of cines and implementation of vaccination 77
transboundary animal diseases. Despite the campaigns. T e EDF 11 project is also sup-
progress, the region has been experiencing in- ported with capacity-building towards the
troductions of new serotypes of the Foot and control of transboundary animal diseases, in-
Mouth Disease (FMD) virus. Outbreaks in cluding FMD, Highly Pathonegenic Avian In-
the region have been due to FMD virus of the f uenza and Pestes des Petits Ruminants
Southern African Territories serotypes I, II (PPR) eradication. PPR, also known as sheep
and III, which are maintained in African buf- and goat plague, is a highly contagious animal
falo populations. Until 2006 most outbreaks disease af ecting small ruminants.
in the region were limited to one SAT T e Livestock Technical Committee also
serotype at a time. Since 2007 there have been developed two strategies during their meet-
reports of multiple SAT serotypes outbreaks ing, namely the SADC Animal Genetic Re-
of FMD in the region, sometimes even in one sources (AnGR) Conservation and Utilisation
Member State. It is believed that although Strategy and the SADC Strategy for Elimina-
SAT serotypes have high infectivity rates re- tion of Dog-Mediated Human Rabies. T e
sulting in the disease becoming widespread AnGR Conservation and Utilisation Strategy
in a relatively short period of time, morbidity aims to improve agricultural production and
and mortality rates are generally low in exten- maintenance of species diversity for present
sive cattle farming systems with mild or un- and future generations while the SADC Strat-
apparent clinical disease. However, the disease egy for Elimination of Dog-Mediated Human
has devastating ef ects in intensive production Rabies aims to eliminate human deaths due
systems such as dairy, piggeries and stud to dog-mediated rabies by 2030.
breeding establishments.
In 2001, for the f rst time in history a
new outbreak of Serotype O was reported in
South Africa. In 2016 another outbreak of
Serotype O was reported in Mauritius, and
in Zambia in 2018. Serotype O is normally
associated with outbreaks in the northern
hemisphere and is known to have high mul-